{"created":"2024-07-25T02:13:05.492367+00:00","id":2000083,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"1155e686-53ad-450a-96c6-57c3faa0bb77"},"_deposit":{"created_by":14,"id":"2000083","owner":"14","owners":[14],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000083"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:iuj.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000083","sets":["300:301:306"]},"author_link":[],"control_number":"2000083","item_10006_date_granted_11":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2024-06-22"}]},"item_10006_degree_grantor_9":{"attribute_name":"学位授与機関","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_name":"International University of Japan"}]}]},"item_10006_degree_name_8":{"attribute_name":"学位名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（公共経営学）/ PhD in Public Management"}]},"item_10006_description_7":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"This dissertation aims to present the background circumstances of Myanmar budget \nreform, the effect of political and institutional changes on budget punctuation \npatterns, and how these punctuation patterns affect public service performance. This \ndissertation is composed of three essays that are arranged in the following sequence. \nThe first essay focuses on “process”, which examines “how” the budget reform was \nadopted; the second essay focuses on “output”, which explores “what” happened due \nto the budget reform that coincided with political and institutional changes; and the \nthird essay focuses on “outcomes”, which investigates the “impacts” of the budget \nreform. \nThe first essay discusses the issues and development of policy solutions in the \nbudgetary system before the 2011 budget reform. This essay employs Kingdon’s \nmultiple streams theory (MST) to explain how and when the problems, policy \nsolutions, and politics surrounding the Myanmar budget reform came together to open \nthe policy window. Furthermore, this essay highlights the significance of issue \nlinkage and partial coupling in the policy process (Kingdon, 1995; Dolan, 2021). All \nMST studies agree that policy cannot change without coupling the three streams. \nFurthermore, only a few studies, including ours, have discovered that multiple partial \ncouplings occur before the complete coupling of the three streams. Therefore, \npolicymakers or policy entrepreneurs need to be aware of partial coupling. As soon as \npartial coupling occurs, policymakers or policy entrepreneurs should try to find any \nconstraints that make it impossible for the remaining stream to couple with the other \ntwo streams. By doing so, they will be able to find the policy factors or political \nstrategies that quickly lead to complete coupling.\nThe second essay discusses how budget allocation patterns changed both \nbefore and after the budget reform. Since Myanmar’s budget reform coincided with \npolitical and institutional changes, this essay tries to explain the effect of political and \ninstitutional changes on budget punctuation patterns by employing budget \nincrementalism and punctuated equilibrium theory (PET). This study expects budget \npunctuation to have occurred in different directions and frequencies. Therefore, the \nsignificant theoretical contribution of this study is to extend Flink and Robinson’s \n(2020) corrective and trend models, which are rooted in the PET literature. The \ncorrective and trend models are used to examine the directions of budget punctuation \n(positive or negative). By applying corrective and trend models, this study \ndistinguishes nine budget punctuation patterns for Myanmar government spending on \nseven sectors from 2000 to 2019 (10 years before the budget reform and 9 years after \nthe budget reform). The study reveals that political and institutional changes have had \ndifferent effects on different sectors. Additionally, different budget punctuation \npatterns have been observed with different frequencies across sectors due to sector-\nspecific characteristics and evolving policy priorities.\nThe third essay assesses how the changes in allocation patterns after the \nbudget reform have affected public service performance. This study differentiates \npublic performance into the three competing dimensions of public service \nperformance (3Es: efficiency, effectiveness, and equity). It is assumed that different \nmagnitudes and directions of budget changes have different performance outcomes. \nTo examine how budget allocation changes made after the reform have affected the \n3Es, this study applies PET by incorporating other theories from the public \nadministration literature. As the current study uses a two-level dataset—budget \nallocation data at the ministry level and performance data (3Es and other control \nvariables) at the individual level—multilevel modeling, which provides the unique \nadvantage of examining the associations between the variables measured at different \nhierarchical levels, is employed. To measure the changes in resource allocation, we \ndefine the four categories of budget changes (i.e., positive punctuation, negative \npunctuation, positive annual percentage changes, and negative annual percentage \nchanges) by using the annual budget allocation of 18 ministries for the fourteen years \n(including both before and after the budget reform). Performance data are obtained by \nadministering surveys to public officers from different ministries. Through multilevel \nanalysis on a two-level dataset, the results of the current study reveal that budget \nincreases have not uniformly improved all 3Es. The different magnitudes and \ndirections of budget changes have had different effects on 3Es.\nKeywords: Multiple streams theory, partial and complete couplings, Myanmar \nbudget reform, decentralization, budget deficit, transparency and accountability, \nbudget allocation, corrective and trend models, incrementalism, punctuated \nequilibrium theory, political and institutional changes, public service performance, \nhierarchical linear model","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10006_dissertation_number_12":{"attribute_name":"学位授与番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dissertationnumber":"公経博第3号"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Win Thiri Myaing"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2024-07-25"}],"filename":"Abstract_1C1D03_Win Thiri Myaing.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"149 KB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"url":"https://iuj.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000083/files/Abstract_1C1D03_Win Thiri Myaing.pdf"},"version_id":"c13a6bbd-3414-4ccb-8635-81498a92ade5"},{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2024-07-25"}],"filename":"Final Exam Report _1C1D03_Win Thiri Myaing.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"133 KB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"url":"https://iuj.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000083/files/Final Exam Report _1C1D03_Win Thiri Myaing.pdf"},"version_id":"dd1bd40b-b693-4947-9879-4178e2d24f47"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"thesis","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec"}]},"item_title":"Three Essays on Myanmar’s Public Budgetary Dynamics","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Three Essays on Myanmar’s Public Budgetary Dynamics","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10006","owner":"14","path":["306"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2024-07-25"},"publish_date":"2024-07-25","publish_status":"0","recid":"2000083","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Three Essays on Myanmar’s Public Budgetary Dynamics"],"weko_creator_id":"14","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2024-07-25T04:48:35.100791+00:00"}